Showing posts with label EFL. Show all posts
Showing posts with label EFL. Show all posts

Monday, December 15, 2008

Don't too much rely on your dictionary.

Need to update this blog...

When I got back to Japan and started working at an English language school, one Japanese bilingual teacher asked me this question.

"How many fingers do you have?"

"I think, I have ten (fingers)," I answered.

But, he didn't say that my answer was right. Why? Let's take a look at a dictionary written for ESL learners.

According to Collins Cobuild Advanced Dictionary of American Enlgish:

Your hands are the parts of your body at the end of your
arms. Each hand has four fingers and a thumb.

He insisted that a person have eight fingers, relying on this dictionary definition. Well,...

I am not a native speaker of English, so I have been asking my American friends this question. I haven't found anyone who immediately answered "eight" yet.

Thursday, December 04, 2008

Dialog for English conversation


Kana and Hide are having a conversation. Hide showed up ten minutes late. Kana looks mad.


Kana: You're late. What have you been up to? I've been waiting for you.
Hide: Sorry. From now on, I'll try not to be late.
Kana: You've said something like that before. This is the second time.
Hide: This time, I'm serious. Believe me. Give me the third chance.
Kana: Some people say, "Misfortune always comes in threes."
Hide: Well, don't get so serious. Haste makes waste.
Kana: You are driving me mad. Three-strike-out, okay?
Hide: Don't scare me, please. I am too timid to take strong words.
Kana: Whatever. Whenever I say something important, you're not listening, you know.
This dialog above was written to explain that if you put too many idioms in conversation, it would sound strange. Anyway, the dialog seems to sound strange.
After reading some comment about the dialog, I've changed a bit. It became more idiomatic.
=====================================================
Kana: You're late. What have you been up to? I've been waiting for you.
Hide: Sorry. From now on, I'll try not to be late.
Kana: You've said something like that before. This is the second time.
Hide: This time, I'm serious. Believe me. Give me a third chance.
Kana: They say, "Misfortune always comes in threes."
Hide: Well, don't be so serious. Haste makes waste.
Kana: You are driving me mad. Three strikes, you're out, okay?
Hide: Lighten up, dude.
Kana: Whatever. Whenever I say something important, you're not listening.

Friday, November 14, 2008

TOEIC Part 1 Question


a) The woman is carrying a lot of drinks.
b) The woman is putting on her glasses.
c) There are a lot of beef in her hands.
d) The woman is talking with a lot of people.

Saturday, July 26, 2008

A tiny but important thing

I like Longman Advanced American Dictionary. I bought the new edition a couple of months ago, but I find the old edition better. This new edition does not contain many taboo versions you can find in the old edition.

I don't recommend even highly advanced English language learners use taboo words intentionally. But, those words should be in the dictionary as long as native speakers use them at times.

Sunday, June 29, 2008

go to the hospital vs go to hospital

In American English, people put "the" before "hospital" as in "go to the hospital" and "in the hospital." In British English, "go to hospital" and "in hospital."

My coworker, a British English teacher, told me that there aren't many hospitals in the UK and that is why they don't put "the."

Sunday, April 20, 2008

The Japanese like comparison!?

If you take a look at grammar textbooks written in Japanese, you will be surprised that a lot of space is occupied with explanation about comparison. Even the book I'm using for a beginners' class has more than 10 pages for it and there is a list of idioms related to comparison, which will be shown below. I don' t think that some of them should be called idioms.


According to "新TOEICテスト英文法をはじめからていねいに (TOEIC: English Grammar from the beginning)" by Tetsuya Yasukochi, Toshin Books

as... as any ~
(number) times as ... as ~
as... as ~ can = as... as possible
as... as ever
as... as ever lived [was]
do not so much as V
as many~
all the (comparative) for ~ = all the (comparative) because SV
not... any more than~
no more... than ~
no less... than~
no more than~
not more than~
no less than~
not less than~
S not V, much [still] less ~ = S not V, let alone~
not... any longer = no longer...
know better than to V
sooner or later
more or less
none the less
would rather V1 than V2
at most = not more than~
do one's best
not... in the least [slightest]

Sunday, April 13, 2008

"Whale Sentence Structure" or "Whale Sentence Pattern"

A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.

This sentence is used to explain the concept of "comparison" in English grammar and it very very famous among only English learners in Japan.I think that teaching comparison is good. But, learners need to master sentences like these below before the sentence above:

Her hands were as cold as ice.

My wife earns as much money as you.

My boyfriend is much younger than me.

More and more people from Europe live in Tokyo.

Sunday, March 30, 2008

Five Sentence Pattens? I've never heard of it!

In Japan, mastering "five sentence patterns" is centerned on not only grammar classes but also English education. Do native speakers of English know "five sentence patterns," though?

According to Grammar & Sentence Patterns (Tomonaoabe, TS Kikaku):

1st Sentence Pattern S(Subject) + Vi (Intransitive
Verb)
God exists.
She is in that room

2nd Sentence Pattern S + Vi + C(Complement)
The sky is blue.
My friend is a lawyer.
The sky looks blue.
My friend became a lawyer.

3rd Sentence Pattern S + Vt(Verb Transitive) +
O(Object)
We eat fish.

4th Sentence Pattern S + Vt + O + O
Father bought his son a car.

5th Sentence Pattern S + Vt +C +C
I consider him a fool.
We eat fish raw.
I watched him swimming.
We found the matter settled.
I found the machine out of order.
I want you to study.

I admit that this theory has been playing a role in helping Japanese English learners become familiar with English sentence patterns. However, I also wonder if there's something incomplete in this grammar theory. For example:

I am fine.

The sentence above is categorized into the 2nd Sentence Pattern (S + V + C). But, the sentence below, which seems to mean and function in the same way, is categorized into the 1st sentence Pattern (S + V):

I am in good health.

We have to consider it.
I really hope that young grammarians in Japan will give English learners and English teachers in Japan and world a better theory to understand English sentence patterns easier.

Friday, March 21, 2008

Jammy Bastard

One of my Japanese colleague regarded an email account that contained "jammy bastard" as a male's name. As a matter of fact, though, it's a British slang item. In American English, people say "lucky bastard."



Are you dating Scarlett Johansson? You're a lucky bastard!

Saturday, March 15, 2008

Listening CNN might not be always good.

Although I know that my English is not that good, I often wonder what is good English. If you are a serious English learner, you often try to speak good English as I do.

This time I don't want to include people who have lived in English speaking countries and who acquired native-like fluency without any conscious efforts. Anyway, their English is not always good as you think. I'm working with two Americans who think of theirselves perfect bilinguals of English and Japanese. But, one doesn't know the difference between to "realize" and to "recognize." The other uses English like "I'm looking forward to see you," as I mentioned before.

If you started out learning English after becoming an adult like I did, you must have been doing consistant efforts. Most Japanese bilingual English teachers often try to listen to English for their free time like their commutal time on the train. But, what do you listen?

Most serious English learners often listen to news in English such as CNN or BBC. However, those who learned English from only such materials tend to speak kind of monotone and solid English despite the fact that their vocabulary are excellent. As for me, American TV dramas are my textbook. But, I have to admit that my vocabulary is limited and sometimes my English is too colloquial. What is the best way? It's a good question....

Friday, March 07, 2008

Those who are good at the TOEIC can't speak English, while Americans are not good at English grammar

If you are an English teacher in Japan, you can't stay away from the existence of the TOEIC test. It is widely believed that if you have a TOEIC score of over 900, you are really good at English. However, if you live in Japan, you may come across a lot of Japanese who have gotten scores of over 900 and who can't speak English good enough.

Talking about myself, my latest score is over 900. But, I surely know that my English is not that good, as you may notice it from my poor writing.

Anyway, most Japanese who've got higher TOEIC scores is just good at exams. Actually, most Japanese bilingual English teachers know this well but they need to keep teaching the TOEIC coures to make ends meet.
Another thing that may often be mentioned in English teaching industry is that Americans are often poor at grammar. According to my colleague's observation, one of American teachers I'm working at have said "I'm looking forward to see you." Of course, you have to say "I'm looking forward to seeing you." I don't know whether or not Americans are really bad at English grammar, but I can say that some of Americans who live in Japan for teaching English can get English teaching jobs much easier than Japanese teachers or other native-speaking teachers such as Australian teachers and Canadians teachers, and that they are not serious about their jobs. I wonder how much they can get on the TOEIC test. Full mark (990)? Or less than 900.

Monday, February 18, 2008

Do you want to be a lackey? Nope.

Today I learned this word.

A lackey or lacquey is a term for a uniformed manservant, in its original meaning (attested 1529, according to the OED).
The modern connotation of "servile follower" appeared later, in 1588 (OED).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lackey_%28manservant%29

Friday, February 15, 2008

realize vs recognize

I know an American who is teaching in Tokyo. He believes that he is one of the best ESL teachers. But, I heard that when one of his students asked him about the difference between to "realize" and to "recognize," he said "English is sometimes very difficult."

A dictionary explains this way:

realize: to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly

recognize: to accept that something is legal, true, or important.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Thursday, February 07, 2008

mop vs map

I taught English pronunciation today. It included the difference between "map" and "mop." This reminds me of my experience.

When I lived in Missouri, one of my friends visited my house. He went to the gas station near my house. He wanted to have a map of Missouri. And he said, "Can I have a map of Missouri?"

But, his "map" sounded like "mop." Therefore, the girl working there looked confused. Nobody can imagine what "map of Missouri" is...

Saturday, February 02, 2008

Chime

My boss showed me a book and asked me to make up a plan using the idea of the book. The book contains a lot of phrases used as a chime or response. I looked over the book and find it funny. But, I felt it difficult to make a program of English conversation course. Probably, most native speakers don't want to hear the phrases below from Japanese English learners in business:

A: See you later alligator.
B: After a while crocodile.

This kicks ass!

No way, Jose!

Wednesday, January 09, 2008

a simple but important tip

Which do you prefer, Diet Coke or Diet Pepsi?


What's the difference between these two questions?

1) Where do you live?

2) Which do you like better, New York or San Francisco?

1) is asking a fact. So, your answer should be simple. (ex. I live in Iowa.) However, 2) is asking your opinion, and you have to tell "why". So, the answer should be like:

I like New York better because there are many museums I would like to visit.

Of couse, real conversation doesn't always follow this rule. This simple tip will be helpful if you take any speaking test, though.

Tuesday, January 01, 2008

You don't want to use such words...

This year, in a gesture of humanitarian relief, the committee restores "truthiness," banned on last year's list, to formal use. This comes after comedians and late-night hosts were thrown under the bus and rendered speechless by a nationwide professional writers' strike. The silence is deafening.

PERFECT STORM-- "Overused by the pundits on evening TV shows to mean just about any coincidence."-- Lynn Allen, Warren, Michigan.

"I read that 'Ontario is a perfect storm,' in reference to a report on pollution levels in the Great Lakes. Ontario is the name of one of the lakes and a Canadian province. This guy would have me believe it's a hurricane. It's time for 'perfect storm' to get rained out."-- Bob Smith, DeWitt, Michigan.

"Hands off book titles as cheap descriptors!"-- David Hollis, Hamilton, New
York.

WEBINAR-- A seminar on the web about any number of topics."Ouch! It hurts my brain. It should be crushed immediately before it spreads."-- Carol, Lams, Michigan.

"Yet another non-word trying to worm its way into the English language due to the Internet. It belongs in the same school of non-thought that brought us e-anything and i-anything."-- Scott Lassiter, Houston, Texas.

WATERBOARDING-- "Let's banish 'waterboarding' to the beach, where it belongs with boogie boards and surfboards."-- Patrick K. Egan, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan

ORGANIC-- Overused and misused to describe not only food, but computer products or human behavior, and often used when describing something as
"natural," says Crystal Giordano of Brooklyn, New York. Another advertising gimmick to make things sound better than they really are, according to Rick DeVan of Willoughby, Ohio, who said he has heard claims such as "My business is organic," and computers having "organic software."

"Things have gone too far when they begin marketing T-shirts as organic."-- Michelle Fitzpatrick, St. Petersburg, Florida.

"'Organic' is used to describe everything, from shampoo to meat. Banishment! Improperly used!"-- Susan Clark, Bristol, Maine.

"The possibility of a food item being inorganic, i.e., not being composed of carbon atoms, is nil."-- John Gomila, New Orleans, Louisiana.

"You see the word 'organic' written on everything from cereal to dog food."-- Michael, Sacramento, California.

"I'm tired of health food stores selling products that they say are organic. All the food we eat is organic!"-- Chad Jacobson, Park Falls, Wisconsin.

WORDSMITH/WORDSMITHING-- "I've never read anything created by a wordsmith - or via wordsmithing - that was pleasant to read."-- Emily Kissane, St. Paul,Minnesota.

AUTHOR/AUTHORED-- "In one of former TV commentator Edwin Newman's books, he wonders if it would be correct to say that someone 'paintered' a picture?"-- Dorothy Betzweiser, Cincinnati, Ohio.

POST 9/11-- "'Our post-9/11 world,' is used now, and probably used more, than AD, BC, or Y2K, time references. You'd think the United States didn't have jet fighters, nuclear bombs, and secret agents, let alone electricity, 'pre-9/11.'"-- Chazz Miner, Midland, Michigan.

SURGE-- "'Surge' has become a reference to a military build-up. Give me the old days, when it referenced storms and electrical power."-- Michael F. Raczko, Swanton, Ohio.

"Do I even have to say it? I can't be the first one to nominate it…put me in line. From Iraq to Wall Street to the weather forecast-- 'surge' really ought
to recede."-- Mike Lara, Colorado.

"This word came out in the context of increasing the number of troops in Iraq. Can be used to explain the expansion of many things (I have a surge in my waist) and it's use will grow out of control…The new Chevy Surge, just experience the roominess!"-- Eric McMillan, Mentor, Ohio.

GIVE BACK-- "This oleaginous phrase is an emergency submission to the 2008 list. The notion has arisen that as one's life progresses, one accumulates a sort of deficit balance with society which must be neutralized by charitable works or financial outlays. Are one's daily transactions throughout life a form of theft?"-- Richard Ong, Carthage, Missouri.

"Various media have been featuring a large number of people who 'just want to give back.' Give back to whom? For what?"-- Curtis Cooper, Hazel Park, Michigan.

'BLANK' is the new 'BLANK' or 'X' is the new 'Y'-- In spite of statements to the contrary, 'Cold is (NOT) the new hot,' nor is '70 the new 50.' The idea
behind such comparisons was originally good, but we've all watched them spiral out of reasonable uses into ludicrous ones and it's now time to banish them from use. Or, to phrase it another way, 'Originally clever advertising is now the new absurdity!'"-- Lawrence Mickel, Coventry, Connecticut.

"Believed to have come into use in the 1960s, but it is getting tired. The
comparisons have become absurd."-- Geoff Steinhart, Sault Ste. Marie,
Michigan.

"'Orange is the new black.' '50 is the new 30.' 'Chocolate is the new sex.'
'Sex is the new chocolate.' 'Fallacy is the new truth.'-- Patrick Dillon, East
Lansing, Michigan.

BLACK FRIDAY-- "The day after Thanksgiving that retailers use to keep themselves out of the 'red' for the year. (And then followed by "Cyber-Monday.") This is counter to the start of the Great Depression's use of the term 'Black Tuesday,' which signaled the crash of the stock market that sent the economy into a tailspin.-- Carl Marschner, Melvindale, Michigan.

BACK IN THE DAY-- "Back in the day, we used 'back-in-the-day' to mean
something really historical. Now you hear ridiculous statements such as 'Back in the day, people used Blackberries without Blue Tooth.'"-- Liz Jameson, Tallahassee, Florida.

"This one might've already made the list back in the day, which was a Wednesday, I think."-- Tim Bradley, Los Angeles, California.

RANDOM-- Popular with teenagers in many places."Over-used and usually out of context, i.e. 'You are so random!' Really? Random is supposed to mean 'by chance.' So what I said was by chance, and not by choice?"-- Gabriel Brandel, Farmington Hills, Michigan.

"Outrageous mis- and overuse, mostly by teenagers, i.e. 'This random guy,
singing this random song…It was so random.' Grrrrr."-- Leigh, Duncan, Galway, Ireland.

"Overuse on a massive scale by my fellow youth. Every event, activity and person can be 'sooo random' as of late. Banish it before I go vigilante."-- Ben Martin, Adelaide, South Australia.

"How can a person be random?"-- Emma Halpin, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom.

SWEET-- "Too many sweets will make you sick. It became popular with the advent of the television show 'South Park' and by rights should have died of
natural causes, but the term continues to cling to life. It is annoying when
young children use it and have no idea why, but it really sounds stupid coming from the mouths of adults. Please kill this particular use of an otherwise fine word."-- Wayne Braver, Manistique, Michigan

"Youth lingo overuse, similar to 'awesome.' I became sick of this one immediately."-- Gordon Johnson, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

DECIMATE-- Word-watchers have been calling for the annihilation of this one for several years. "Used today in reference to widespread destruction or devastation. If you will not banish this word, I ask that its use be 'decimated' (reduced by one-tenth)."-- Allan Dregseth, Fargo, North Dakota.

"I nominate 'decimate' as it applies to Man's and Nature's destructive fury
and the outcome of sporting contests. Decimate simply means a 10%reduction-- no more, no less. It may have derived notoriety because the ancient Romans used decimation as a technique for prisoner of war population reduction or an incentive for under-performing battle units. A group of 10 would be assembled and lots drawn. The nine losers would win and the winner would die at the hands of the losers-- a variation on the instant lottery game. Perhaps 'creamed' or 'emulsified' should be substituted.-- Mark Dobias, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.

"The word is so overused and misused, people use it when they should be saying 'annihilate.' It's so bad that now there are two definitions, the real
one and the one that has taken over like a weed.-- Dane, Flowery Branch,
Georgia.

"'Decimate' has been turned upside down. It means 'to destroy one tenth,'
but people are using it to mean 'to destroy nine tenths.'-- David Welch, Venice, Florida.

EMOTIONAL-- "Reporters, short on vocabulary, often describe a scene as 'emotional.' Well sure, but which emotion? For a radio reporter to gravely announce, 'There was an emotional send off to Joe Blow' tells me nothing, other than the reporter perceived that the participants acted in an emotional way. For instance: I had an emotional day today. I started out feeling tired and a bit grumpy until I had my coffee. I was distraught over a cat killing a bird on the other side of the street. I was bemused by my reaction to the way nature works. I was intrigued this evening to add a word or two to your suggestions. I was happy to see the words that others had posted. Gosh, this has been an emotional day for me."-- Brendan Kennedy, Quesnel, British Columbia, Canada.

POP-- "On every single one of the 45,000 decorating shows on cable TV (of which I watch many) there is at LEAST one obligatory use of a phrase such as ... 'the addition of the red really makes it POP.' You know when it's coming ... you mouth it along with the decorator. There must be some other way of describing the addition of an interesting detail."-- Barbara, Arlington, Texas.

IT IS WHAT IT IS-- "This pointless phrase, uttered initially by athletes on the losing side of a contest, is making its way into general use. It accomplishes the dual feat of adding nothing to the conversation while also
being phonetically and thematically redundant."-- Jeffrey Skrenes, St. Paul, Minnesota.

"It means absolutely nothing and is mostly a cop out or a way to avoid answering a question in a way that might require genuine thought or insight. Listen to an interview with some coach or athlete in big-time sports and you'll inevitably hear it."-- Doug Compo, Brimley, Michigan.

"It seems to be everywhere and pervade every section of any newspaper I read. It reminds me of 'Who is John Galt?' from 'Atlas Shrugged.' It implies an acceptance of the status quo regardless of the circumstances. But it is what it is."-- Erik Pauna, Mondovi, Wisconsin.

"Only Yogi Berra should be allowed to utter such a circumlocution."-- Jerry Holloway, Belcamp, Maryland.

"This is migrating from primetime 'reality television' and embedding itself
into otherwise articulate persons' vocabularies. Of course it is what it is...Otherwise, it wouldn't be what it would have been!"-- Steve Olsen, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.

UNDER THE BUS-- "For overuse. I frequently hear this in the cliche-filled sports world, where it's used to describe misplaced blame-- i.e. 'After Sunday's loss, the fans threw T.O. under the bus."-- Mark R. Hinkston, Racine, Wisconsin.

"Please, just 'blame' them."-- Mike Lekan, Kettering, Ohio.

"Just wondering when someone saying something negative became the same as a mob hit. Since every sportscaster in the US uses it, is a call for the media to start issuing a thesaurus to everyone in front of a camera." -- Mark Bockhaus, Appleton, Wisconsin.


LSSU accepts nominations for the banished-words list throughout the year. To submit your nomination for the 2008 list, go to http://www.lssu.edu/banished/submit_word.php.


http://www.lssu.edu/banished/current.php

This list is awesome.

Wednesday, November 14, 2007

The B-word that rhymes with "witch"?

According to CNN, there's an argument about the fact that John McCain said "an exccelent question" responding to a woman who called Hillary Clinton "b*tch." I am not interested in talking with this issue politically. However, I wondered how many times the anchorman said "the B-word that rhymes with 'witch.'" This phrase really caught my attention.

Few Japanese people would concern much about rhyme. However, it plays a really important role in the English language. Phonics is somewhat relevant to it. And kids will play with it. Maybe one of the reasons few Japanese people hardly master native-language fluency in English might be that they don't try to think it is important.

Tuesday, October 16, 2007

Are you wearing a butt?


It seems like shoes shaped like boots named "booty " are in fashion. But, It sound odd to me. As you know, "booty" is a slang item that means "ass" or "butt." I wonder whether or not this type of shoes are called "booty" in English-speaking countries.

Well, I am a guy who's not interested in fashion items. So, probably I shouldn't talk about it too much.
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